Top 6 Programming Languages used in App Development

Techno Kryon

1. Java:

Java is the most powerful, robust and object-oriented programming which was released in 1995 by Sun Microsystems. Java is used for Android development. Java provides open source extensions to handle users choice from it very efficiently.

The Android operating system uses Java which is apt mobile app language because abundant users use Android.

It is the platform independent language which means it can run in any Operating Systems.

It uses the approach of object oriented programming (OOPS) language so it supports more protection than C or C++.

Java association with the Android operating system, some of its features include:

·         It is platform independent.

·         It supports API (Application Programming Interface).

·         It is very easy to read and learn.

·         It has an object-oriented language.

·         It has a powerful IDEs which makes coding error-free and easy. 

2. Kotlin:

Kotlin is a great language for developing Android apps, bringing all of the benefits of the latest language to the Android platform without introducing any new constraint. It is released in early 2016.

Compatibility: Kotlin is fully adaptable with JDK 6, ensuring that Kotlin applications can run on older Android devices with no problem. The Kotlin is fully supported in Android Studio.

Performance: A Kotlin application runs as quick as Java, thanks to the very identical byte code structure. With its support for inline functions, code using lambdas often runs even faster than the same code written in Java.

Interoperability: Kotlin is fully interoperable with Java, allowing to use all existing Android libraries in a Kotlin application. This comprises of annotation processing, data binding.

Compilation Time: Kotlin supports dynamic incremental compilation, so while there's some additional overhead for clean builds, accumulative builds are usually as fast as or quicker than Java.

Getting started with Kotlin is very easy. The automated converter included in the plugin helps with the first steps to convert from Java. Kotlin Koans offer a practice through the key features of the language with interactive exercises. 

3. Swift:

Swift is one of the latest trends in iOS app development. Swift is designed to provide smoothly consistent compatibility with Cocoa and Objective-C. The syntax does not change as Apple improving the language. It will make better apps for Apple devices. It is a general-purpose, multi-paradigm, compiled language developed by Apple for iOS, macOS, watchOS, tvOS.

It is perfectly adaptable with Objective-C and can be used interchangeably within the same project.

Swift adopts safe programming Design patterns such as MVC (Model View Controller) and MVVM (Model View ViewModel) and adds modern features to make programming swifter, more pliable. It is very easy to learn Swift and get used to it.

Swift has many pros to make your code more expressive:

·         Closures unified with function pointers.

·         Tuples and multiple return values.

·         Generics.

·         Fast and concise loop over a range/collection.

·         Structs that support methods, extensions, and protocols.

·         Functional programming patterns, e.g., map and filter.

·         Native error handling mechanisms.

The clean syntax that makes API (Application Programming Interface) even easier to read and control. Implicit types make less number of code and less prone to faults, while modules eliminate headers and provide namespaces. Memory is managed automatically, and don’t even need to type semicolons.

  

4. Objective-C:

It is a general-purpose, OOPS (Object Oriented Programming) language that adds Smalltalk-style messaging to the native C language. It was the main language used by Apple for the macOS, iOS operating systems, and API (application programming interface) Cocoa and Cocoa Touch before the introduction of Swift.

It is a mature language with a large community, a high number of experienced developers, best patterns and coding format.

There are a variety of third-party libraries, which are tested, used in many large numbers of projects.

There are many of heritage code that needs to be supported.

Compatible with many other languages. Usage of C or C++ code with no problem inside the Objective-C files. If C++ code is to be implemented in Swift code, should first wrap it in Objective-C code first and then import that in Swift.

The main programming language for iOS apps, Objective-C was chosen by Apple to build apps that are robust and scalable. The existence of the C programming language superset, it has many numbers of functions that deal with graphics, I/O, and display functions. As part of the Apple development framework, it is fully integrated into all iOS and MacOS frameworks. It is now slowly replaced in the Apple devices by a more powerful language called Swift.

  

5. HTML5:

HTML5 is the basic choice for front end applications for mobile devices. A sequence of HTML5 and JavaScript can create mobile apps. It has upgraded its features as a new technology in mobile app development, introduced markup and API (Application Programming Interface). It is the standard HTML to meet the increasing essential presented by today’s cross-platform and rich media necessities. Presently supported in different ways by different browsers. HTML5 from the cost-efficiency point of view has the advantage of building on the current version of HTML- making the learning easier than learning a new language.

It is not a mobile app development language. In order to create an application in HTML5, it has to be used with other programming languages such as JavaScript.

It has been fully adopted by mobile and desktop browsers.

It has Cross-browser support.

With its responsiveness and support, anything created in HTML5 works on all devices painlessly.

It fully supports videos and audios.

Key features:

·         Easy-to-learn

·         Support for mobile

·         Responsive design with support for all the devices

·         Drag-and-drop feature

 

6. AngualrJS:

AngularJS is an open source framework based on JavaScript. It is front end web application framework. It is used to develop hybrid mobile applications in tools like Apache Cordova, PhoneGap. It complements Apache Cordova, a framework used for developing cross-platform mobile apps. The main goal is to simplify both the development and testing of such applications by giving a framework for client side model view controller (MVC) and model view viewmodel (MVVM) architectures.

The AngularJS framework workflow is first reading the HTML page, which has additional custom tag attributes inherited into it. Angular defines those attributes as directives to combine input or output elements of the page to a model that is shown as standard JavaScript variables. The values of those variables can be manually fixed within the code, or fetched from static or dynamic JSON data.

It is built on the conclusion that declarative programming should be used to create UI (user interface) and connect software part, while essential programming is better adapted to define an application business logic. The framework conforms and increases traditional HTML to show dynamic content through 2-way data-binding that allows for the auto synchronization of models and views. AngularJS minimize explicit DOM (Document Object Model) manipulation with the target of improving testability and performance.

AngularJS uses the MVC pattern to differentiate presentation, data, and logic segments. Using dependency injection, it brings traditional server-side services, such as view dependent controllers, to client side web applications.